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Analysis of the Polymer Type of Nylon 6 (Polyamide 6)

1. Chemical Nature

Repeating Unit Characteristics: The Nylon 6 molecular chain is composed of amide bonds (-CONH-) and 5 methylene groups (-CH₂-) in a repeating cycle, belonging to the linear polyamide family.
Polymerization Mechanism: Formed through the ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam (different from the dual-monomer condensation polymerization of Nylon 66 ).

2. Material Category

Thermoplastic: Can be heated and molded multiple times (injection molding/extrusion), and waste can be recycled.
Semi-crystalline Polymer: During cooling, some molecules are arranged in an orderly manner (crystallinity approximately 40-50%), providing high rigidity and heat resistance.

3. Performance Positioning

4. Functional Application Classification

Self-lubricating Material: Molecules contain polar groups, resulting in a low coefficient of friction (0.3-0.5), suitable for oil-free gears/bearings.
Dielectric Material: Good insulation in a dry state (drops sharply when wet), used in electrical connectors.
Low-temperature Toughness Material: Maintains elasticity at -40℃, commonly used in ski equipment bindings.

5. Modified Derivative Types

Reinforced Type: Addition of glass fiber → structural engineering plastic (e.g., PA6 GF30).
Toughened Type: Incorporation of elastomers → impact-resistant components (bicycle helmet buckles).
Conductive Type: Mixing with carbon fiber → anti-static equipment casings.